What are ipv4 addresses?
An IP Address is a unique identifier of each device in the
network through which they are identified.
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) controls, manage
and allocate IP addresses globally.
The version of the IP address
There are 2 versions of IP address:-
1.IPv4
2.IPv6
What are ipv4 address?
An IPv4 address is a 32-bits long address, represented in decimal
number system.
IPv4 address convert binary to decimal
|
Representation |
Octet-1 |
Octet-2 |
Octet-3 |
Octet-4 |
|
Binary |
11000000 |
10101000 |
00001010 |
00000001 |
|
Decimal |
192 |
168 |
10 |
1 |
In IPv4 32-bits are divided into 4 equal parts, each part
has 8-bits and called an Octet.
All Octets are separated by. (Dots)
Define machin and Human language of IPv4 address
|
Machine
language IP |
11000000 |
10101000 |
00001010 |
00000001 |
|
Human
language IP |
192 |
168 |
10 |
1 |
Type of Communication IPv4 address
There are 3 type of Communication
- Unicast- One-to-One communication.
- Multicast- One-to-Many communication.
- Broadcast- One-to-All communication.
Where is used IPv4 address
IPv4 address
are classified into below five different classes (Based on 1st Octet).
|
CLASS |
BINARY RANGE |
DECIMAL
RANGE |
DESCRIPTION |
|
Class
A |
00000000 01111111 |
0 127 |
Unicast Communication (1 to 126 is a valid range of
Class-A) |
|
Class
B |
10000000 10111111 |
128 191 |
Unicast
Communication |
|
Class
C |
11000000 11010000 |
192 223 |
Unicast Communication |
|
Class
D |
11100000 11101111 |
224 239 |
Multicast
Communication |
|
Class
E |
11110000 11111111 |
240 255 |
Reserve for R&D |
IPv4 Address range free & paid
*IPv4 Addresses can
be divided into 3 categories, including;
|
IPv4 |
Classes Paid |
Private Range Free |
Special IP Add |
|
Class A |
0-127 |
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 N. H. H. H |
0.0.0.0 It is in Router for Default
route |
|
Class B |
128-191 |
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 N. N. H. H |
127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 loopback
device testing |
|
Class C |
192-223 |
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 N. N. H. H |
169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 APIPA
Address |
- Private IP Address:- are used to connect devices in Local Area Network (LAN) Network and can't be routed on the internet (Public Network).
- Public IP Address:- are used to connect to the internet and are leased by Internet Service The provider (ISP).
- Special Address:- are reserved for some specific purpose.
Subnet mask Of class in IPv4 address
A Subnet mask is a 32-bit number that defines Network-Bits and Host-Bits in the IP
address.
|
CLASS |
Octets Positions |
Default Subnet Mask |
|
Class-A |
N.H.H.H |
255.0.0.0 |
|
Class-B |
N.N.H.H |
255.255.0.0 |
|
Class-C |
N.N.N.H |
255.255.255.0 |
|
Class-D |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
|
Class-E |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
How many networks are hosted in class
CLASS-A:-
Class-A
provides fewer numbers of network address but large numbers of host address per
network.
Total number of networks = 126
Total Number of Host = 1,67,77,216
Class-A is
suitable for a large network.
CLASS-B:-
Class-B
provides the medium of network address and medium no. of host address per network.
Total number of networks = 16,384
Total number of Hosts = 65,536
Class-B is
suitable for a medium-sized network.
CLASS-C:-
Class-C
provides large no. of network address but less no. of host network per network.
Total number of networks =
20,97,152*
Total number of Hosts = 256*
Class-C is
suitable for small networks.
In private network total network and total host available
Class A
|
Network |
Host |
Host |
Host |
|
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
10 |
255 |
255 |
255 |
|
Network |
1 |
Host |
16777216 |
Class B
|
172 |
16 |
0 |
0 |
|
172 |
31 |
255 |
255 |
|
Network |
16 |
Host |
65536 |
Class C
|
192 |
168 |
0 |
0 |
|
192 |
168 |
255 |
255 |
|
Network |
256 |
Host |
256 |
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Reviewed by YourOnlineZone
on
09 May
Rating:
